Unpublished Sources

In APA Style, personal communications are not considered verifiable or recoverable; they should be cited in the text only and not included in the reference list. (Publication Manual, chapter 6.20)

in text example: (H.C. Payne, personal communication, May 22, 1998)

note:

9. Frederick Rudolph, interview by author, Williamstown, MA, May 15, 2001.

bibliography:

"Unpublished interviews are best cited ... in notes, though occasionally appear in bibliographies." (CMS 14.219)

in text:
(Rudolph 2001)

reference list:

"Reference list entries are unneeded, though each person cited must be fully identified elsewhere in the text." (CMS 15.48)

parenthetical reference:
It is usually preferable to include in the actual text the name of the person in the corresponding entry in the works cited list rather than using a parenthetical reference. Example: Harry Payne pointed out...

bibliography:

Note: See section 5.7.7 of the MLA Handbook for interviews in print or media. See 5.6.2b for interviews on the Web.

See Publication Manual 4.16F.

See CMS 14.224-14.231.

See CMS . 15.48-15.51.

See MLA Handbook 5.8.12-13.