Guidelines for Williams students. Use print style manuals for more detailed information.
Note: Different web browsers break the text in different places of a URL. The URL should begin on the same line as the rest of the citation information, with a break inserted after a slash, if needed.
| APA | in text: reference list: The Pew Research Center for the People and the Press (2002, December 4). What the world thinks in 2002. Retrieved February 26, 2003, from http://people-press.org/reports/display.php3?ReportID=165. |
| Chicago (Note) |
note: bibliography: Yetman, Norman R. "An Introduction to the WPA Slave Narratives." Born in Slavery: Slave Narratives from the Federal Writers' Project, 1936-1938. http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/snhtml/snhome.html. |
| Chicago (Author-Date) |
in text: reference list: Yetman, Norman R. "An introduction to the WPA slave narratives." Born in slavery: slave narratives from the Federal Writers' Project, 1936-1938. http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/snhtml/snhome.html. |
| MLA | in text: bibliography: Pilgrim, David. "The Brute Caricature." Jim Crow Museum of Racist Memorabilia. Ferris State University. Nov. 2000. Web. 20 May 2009. If your instructor requires it, include the URL immediately following the date of access, a period, and a space. Enclose the URL in angle brackets (<>), and follow it with a period. For more details on citing works on the Web, see section 5.6 of the MLA Handbook. |
| ACS | in-text citation: bibliography: National Library of Medicine. Environmental Health and Toxicology: Specialized Information Services. http://sis.nlm.nih.gov/enviro.html (accessed Aug 23, 2004). |
| APA | in text: reference list: Hicks, J. E., Jones, J. F. Renner, J. H., & Schmaling, K. (1995). Chronic fatigue syndrome: strategies that work. Patient Care, 29(10), 55. Retrieved March 17, 2002, from InfoTrac Web Expanded Academic ASAP database. |
| Chicago (Note) |
note: bibliography: Zellner, Wendy. "An Insider's Tale of Enron's Toxic Culture." Business Week March 31, 2003, 16. http://web.lexis-nexis.com/universe/form/academic/s_guidednews.html. |
| Chicago (Author-Date) |
in text: reference list: Zellner, Wendy. 2003. An insider's tale of Enron's toxic culture. Business Week March 31, 16. http://web.lexis-nexis.com/universe/form/academic/ |
| MLA | parenthetical reference: bibliography: Andreatta, Filippo. "Italy at a Crossroads: The Foreign Policy of a Medium Power after the End of Bipolarity." Daedalus 130.2: 45-65. Expanded Academic ASAP. Web. 9 March 2009. |
| ACS | in-text citation: bibliography: Begley, S. When Does Your Brain Stop Making New Neurons? Newsweek [Online] July 2, 2007, p 62. Expanded Academic Index. http:/galegroup.com (accessed Aug 23, 2007). |
| APA | in text: reference list: Hamilton, C. (1992). A way of seeing: culture as political expression in the works of C.L.R. James. Journal of Black Studies, 22 (3), 429-443. Retrieved February 26, 2003 from JSTOR database. |
| Chicago (Note) |
note: bibliography: Miguel, Edward. "Tribe or Nation? Nation Building and Public Goods in Kenya versus Tanzania." World Politics 56, no. 3 (2004): 327-362. http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/world_politics/v056/56.3miguel.html. Note: if the article has a DOI, use it in place of the page numbers. See Chicago Manual of Style sec. 17.181 for more information and example. |
| Chicago (Author-Date) |
in text: reference list:
Miguel, Edward. 2004. Tribe or nation?
Nation building and public goods in Kenya versus Tanzania
World Politics 56 (3): 327-362. http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/world_politics/ Note: if the article has a DOI, use it in place of the page numbers. See Chicago Manual of Style sec. 17.181 for more information and example. |
| MLA | parenthetical reference:
bibliography: Brooks, Gwendolyn. "Henry Dumas: Perceptiveness and Zeal." Black American Literature Forum 22.2 (1988): 177. JSTOR. Web. 9 March 2009. |
| ACS | in-text citation: bibliography: Peacock-Lopez, E. Exact Solutions of the Quantum Double Square-Well Potential. Chem. Ed. [Online] 2007, 11, 383-393 http://chemeducator.org/bibs/0011006/11060380lb.htm (accessed Aug 23, 2007). |
| APA | in text: reference list: Yu, D. L., & Seligman, M. E. P. (2002, May 8). Preventing Depressive symptoms in Chinese children. Prevention & Treatment, 5, Article 9. Retrieved May 6, 2003, from http://journals.apa.org/prevention/volume5/ pre0050009a.html |
| Chicago (Note) |
note: bibliography: Shrum, Robert. "Taxing Clinton's Character." Slate, June 25, 1996. http://slate.msn.com/id/. Note: if the article has a DOI, use it in place of the page numbers. See Chicago Manual of Style sec. 17.181 for more information and example. |
| Chicago (Author-Date) |
in text: reference list: Shrum, Robert. 1996. Taxing Clinton's character. Slate, June 25. http://slate.msn.com/id/. Note: if the article has a DOI, use it in place of the page numbers. See Chicago Manual of Style sec. 17.181 for more information and example. |
| MLA | parenthetical reference: bibliography: Castle, Robert. "From Desperation to Salvation: Concealing and Revealing Nothing in History." Archipelago 6.3 (2003): n. pag. Web. 9 March 2009. |